URLs
\[\overbrace{\text{https}}^{\text{scheme}}\text{://} \overbrace{\text{tmcdigitech.github.io}}^{\text{address}} \text{:}\overbrace{\text{8080}}^{\text{port}} \overbrace{\text{/dit10a/glossary/URLs/}}^{\text{path/endpoint}}\]The scheme tells the browser how it will connect to the server. This is typically https, but could also be http, ftp, mailto, or any number of others.
The address tells the browser where to send the request, i.e. which address. Addresses can be in the form of domain names like google.com, or IP addresses like 192.168.0.1.
google.comis like saying Thomas More College.192.168.0.1is like saying 35 Amsterdam Crescent, Salisbury Downs.localhostis a special value which refers to your own machine. If your server is set to listen to localhost it won’t be visible to any other computer at all, which is very useful for developing and testing code which is incomplete and potentially buggy.
The path/endpoint tells the browser what to ask the server for, and the server will return the appropriate response based on the path. A path can be as simple as /, or considerably more complicated.